Hello!
Welcome to Part 1 of the writing pages! To start, here are some formatting and stylistic rules about writing in English.
Sentence writing in paragraphs/段落の文書を書いて
First, remember that for paragraphs (段落) you are not only writing sentences. You are writing sentences that group and connect together from one topic:
例えば：
My life at my university is good.
I have made many friends here.
The classes are hard.
So far I enjoy this school.
Second, make sure you have the correct spacing between one sentence and another:
My life at this university is good.I have made many friends here.The classes are hard.So far I enjoy this school.
Third, try to connect your sentences to make longer ones. For example:
My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
1. Topic sentences (トピックの文書)
This is the most basic point!
Topic sentences usually come at the beginning, or close to the beginning, of a paragraph. They clearly and strongly give us a hint about the topic of a paragraph.
Let's look at an example of a student paper about university life.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Good topic sentences not only give hints about the paragraph topic, but also make the person reading them want to read more:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. (…)
2. Names of people, places, companies & organizations
albert einstein Albert Einstein
steve JOBS Steve Jobs
Son masayoshi Son Masayoshi
Names of places are not in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, or with "quotes" around the names. For example:
I went to "Kurihama beach" in August.
The Apple headquarters are located in CUPERTINO, California.
Full names of companies and organizations are natural, not in CAPITAL LETTERS or in "quotes," and if there is more than one part to their names, the most important parts of the names each have capitalized first letters.
But famous companies, organizations, and institutions can be known by their initials. For example:
NINTENDO was originally known for making playing cards.
Some people think of the "Tokyo Institute of technology" as the Massachusetts institute of Technology of Japan.
Thomas Kuhn's "The Structure of scientific revolutions" was influential in thinking differently about scientific progress in many countries.
Einstein's paper The field equations of Gravitation was one of the works that led to his general theory of relativity.
4. Dates
wednesday Wednesday october 10th October 10th
September 15 1967 September 15, 1967
5. Voice (態)
Because academic writing in English, especially for science and technology, focuses on the subject and not the writer, the passive voice (受動態) becomes important – for example, structures like it is the position of this paper/study that…, instead of the active voice (能動態) my position is…
I think that climate change is one of the greatest issues of our time.
It is the position of this paper that climate change is one of the greatest issues of our time.
My view is that children should not have access to the internet without their parents' supervision.
This essay will argue that children should not have access to the internet without their parents' supervision.
Now go to Part 2 to look at how to begin developing our writing into compositions!
Welcome to Part 1 of the writing pages! To start, here are some formatting and stylistic rules about writing in English.
Sentence writing in paragraphs/段落の文書を書いて
First, remember that for paragraphs (段落) you are not only writing sentences. You are writing sentences that group and connect together from one topic:
例えば：
Second, make sure you have the correct spacing between one sentence and another:
Third, try to connect your sentences to make longer ones. For example:
My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
1. Topic sentences (トピックの文書)
This is the most basic point!
Topic sentences usually come at the beginning, or close to the beginning, of a paragraph. They clearly and strongly give us a hint about the topic of a paragraph.
Let's look at an example of a student paper about university life.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Good topic sentences not only give hints about the paragraph topic, but also make the person reading them want to read more:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. (…)
2. Names of people, places, companies & organizations
Names of people are written naturally, with only the first letters of their personal, and family, names in CAPITAL LETTERS. For example:
Names of places are not in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, or with "quotes" around the names. For example:
I went to Kurihama beach in August.
The Apple headquarters are located in Cupertino, California.
Full names of companies and organizations are natural, not in CAPITAL LETTERS or in "quotes," and if there is more than one part to their names, the most important parts of the names each have capitalized first letters.
But famous companies, organizations, and institutions can be known by their initials. For example:
Nintendo was originally known for making playing cards.
Some think of the Tokyo Institute of Technology as the MIT of Japan.
california Institute of technology has done some important work in the field of astrophysics.
3. Titles of books & articles
Cal Tech has done some important work in the field of astrophysics.
3. Titles of books & articles
Titles of books are in italics, with the most important words in a multi-word title with capitalized first letters. Titles of research papers are in "quotes," but also with the most important words in a multi-word title with capitalized first letters. For example:
Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions was influential in thinking differently about scientific progress in many countries.
Einstein's paper "The Field Equations of Gravitation" was one of the works that led to his general theory of relativity.
4. Dates
Finally, put capital letters for days of the week and months, with a comma (,) between a date and year. For example:
5. Voice (態)
Because academic writing in English, especially for science and technology, focuses on the subject and not the writer, the passive voice (受動態) becomes important – for example, structures like it is the position of this paper/study that…, instead of the active voice (能動態) my position is…
It is the position of this paper that climate change is one of the greatest issues of our time.
This essay will argue that children should not have access to the internet without their parents' supervision.
Now go to Part 2 to look at how to begin developing our writing into compositions!
Images: Top - "Line Sheet With Pen" (courtesy of adamr)/Pen on typed paper - "Blank Document Area Shows Copyspace White Background for Note" (courtesy of Stuart Miles)/Both images from FreeDigitalPhotos.net
No comments:
Post a Comment