英語表現演習4 (土): Origins of cats & dogs・猫と犬の起源

Hello!

How are you? Today we'll look at some important discoveries and inventions of the Industrial Revolution (産業革命の発見、発明). 

The picture above is of the Crystal Palace. This was a famous exhibition in London in the 19th century to show the accomplishments of the Industrial Revolution. Most of the exterior of the building was made of glass reinforced by steel. This exhibition was a great success that showed the British people what industry could do. 

Activity/homework

Look at these pictures below. Which of these discoveries or inventions happened during the Industrial Revolution? Take a guess! Have fun with these!

Cotton

The lathe

Cement

The light bulb

Gasoline

Steelmaking 

How many do you think you got right? We'll check in class!

Discussion circles

Here are the questions for the leaders for our discussion circles.

Leader questions

For the summarizer:

Are you ready to summarize the reading/CD talk? (Can you give us your summary of the reading/CD talk?)

For the detail master:

1. When did the Industrial Revolution begin?

2. How were things made before the Industrial Revolution?

3. What particular industry was quickly developed?

4. How was agriculture improved?

(Leaders: Think of 1-2 more details to ask the details master!)

For the vocabulary master:

What is agriculture?

What are textiles?

What does population mean?

What does income mean?
(Leaders: Think of 1-2 more words to ask the vocabulary master!)

Homework

Choose one (1) invention or discovery from the Industrial Revolution, and research about it. Note down some important facts about it - especially about anything mechanical or electrical - and find one (1) picture of it. 

Bring it in and we'll share it in the next class. See you then!

Images: Top - by J. McNeven - collections.vam.ac.uk, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=665739/Cotton - Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=689304/Lathe - by Zephyris - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27664029/Cement - by Famartin - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33470830/Light bulb - by KMJ, alpha masking by Edokter - de.wikipedia, original upload 26. Jun 2004 by, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2954889/Gasoline can - by MJCdetroit - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4267666/Steel 

production - by Payton Chung from DC, USA - Fiery Finkl Forging, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1224200

英語表現演習4 (金): Precision & accuracy・精度、確度

Hello!

How are you? Today, here is a post with an activity about precision and accuracy in engineering measurement. 

In Japanese, precision and accuracy have the same word - 精度. But strictly speaking, precision and accuracy are not exactly the same thing in English. 

In English, precision would mean when you do an action and get similar results each time. But accuracy would mean when you get a result that is very close to the measurement that you most need. 

So perhaps accuracy, in Japanese, would mean more like the best degree of precision, or 確度. For engineering measurement, 確度 for accuracy might be a better word. 

The picture above would be an example of an archery target, with an archer who was both precise (的確) and accurate (正確). 

Activity
Here is an activity about measuring some differences in precision and accuracy. The idea and illustrations come from the University of British Columbia in Canada Open Text website for their engineering students. 

These are the results of four different archers. Which one is the most precise? Which one is the most accurate? Which one is the least precise and accurate? Explain your ideas to each other! 

例：I think #1 is…because...

Archer #1

Archer #2

Archer #3

Archer #4

So what are your results? 

See you next time!

Images: Screenshots taken from illustrations in https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/measurement-uncertainty-accuracy-and-precision/#fs-idm1827280
All rights reserved to the University of British Columbia and Open Text website. I do not own the rights to the illustrations or content. Uploaded for educational purposes only. 

英語表現演習4 (金): Engineering measurement・工務の測定、寸法

Hello! 

How are you? The picture above is the Queen Mary 2 - one of the largest passenger ships ever built. Quite impressive, isn't it? What do you think its length is? Or perhaps its height? 

Today, let's look more at how to accurately measure some examples of works of engineering.  

Activity/homework

Look at the pictures below. Search out the measurements of these examples of engineering in terms of the following: 

• overall length
• overall height
• width (in various parts) 

Important notes:  

With aircraft - remember for your measurements to find out not only the overall length and overall height, but the maximum cabin width and fuselage width as well, plus the wingspan. 

With bridges - find out not only the overall length, but also the height of the tallest support from the ground. You also need the width, plus thickness, of the decks. In addition, you need the maximum span between the supports.

With buildings - search out not only the overall height, but the width of the base of the buildings at their thickest plus average width of the building if this is different from the base. Find out as well what the length of any structures are that might be on the building (such as towers at the top) plus the length and width of any structures such as elevated walkways or bridges from the building (if they exist). 

Let's start! Note these measurements in your notebooks and hand in next class!

1. Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer

2. The Concorde

3. Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building

4. Tianjin Grand Bridge, China

5. Rainbow Bridge

I hope you can find some useful information that perhaps might surprise you about these aircraft and other structures. 

See you next time!

Images: Top - by أشرف العناني from alshekh zwaed, egypt - Queen Mary II ship Crosses Suez Canal الملكة كوين ماري الثانية أضخم سفينة سياحية في العالم تعبر قناة السويس, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=50547512/GlobalFlyer - By Alan Radecki Akradecki - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2940912/ Concorde - by Alexander Jonsson - http://www.airliners.net/photo/Air-France/Aerospatiale-British-Aerospace-Concorde/0432634/L/, GFDL 1.2, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16590988/Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building - by Kakidai - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=19529189/Tianjin Grand Bridge, China - by Wuyouyuan - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6938813/Rainbow Bridge - by Javachan - Shot by Wikipedia user javachanTransferred from English Wikipedia; en:File:Rainbow Bridge,Tokoyo Bay from Odaiba.jpgTransfered by Gobonobo, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17916431

英語表現演習4 (土): Changes to schedule in syllabus・シラバススケージュルの代わり

Hello! 

How are you? As promised, here are my notes about the changes to the schedule within our syllabus. 

Once again, I cannot apologize enough for these changes given my condition with my lower back. But I am getting better and will work towards no more changes! 

I have posted the picture of the board notes at the top, but here are the notes, in a form I hope I easier to follow - though I have also made a few small changes to these notes. Here they are:

Changes to schedule (from November)
11/3 - no class (Chuo festival)

11/10 - no class (canceled because of my bad back!)

11/17 - collecting first drafts of mid-term writing assignment summaries 
New textbook work - Chapter 6 (GM food) 
Homework - Textbook Chapter 7 (GM humans)/Continued work on first drafts of mid-term writing

11/24 - teacher return of first drafts of summaries
Quick peer review - Chapter 7
New textbook work - Chapter 5 (Selfish genes) 
In-class teacher advising on first drafts of mid-term writing with class time for writing work
Possible homework - Textbook Chapter 8 (Wrongful conviction) 
Required homework - final draft writing of summaries and final drafts of mid-term writing 

12/1 - deadline for hand-in of final drafts of summaries and final drafts of mid-term writing assignment (each on separate pages and stapled - summary as top page followed by written composition)
Possible quick peer review - Chapter 8  
New textbook work - Chapter 8 and/or (beginning) Chapter 9 (Cats and dogs) 
Homework - (rest of) Textbook Chapter 9 or Chapter 10 (Holsteins and Ankoles)*

Note
*We may skip over and not do Chapter 10 if we do not have time for it. But from the beginning of December, we should be able to follow the rest of the original syllabus schedule. 

Once again, I am very sorry for the canceled classes this semester. You've been a great class and I've enjoyed greatly having all of you as students. I'm very proud of all of you and of your efforts. 

See you next week!

Image: Personal photograph. All rights reserved.

英語表現演習4 (土): Cuisine from different countries・海外の食文化

Hello!

How are you? Here are some pictures of food from different countries. 

Look at the picture above. It's a simple meal - Vietnamese broiled fish with vegetables and a hot sauce. Nothing fancy, but good! 

Activity 1/homework
Look at these dishes! Which countries do they come from? Here is a list of countries these dishes could come from: 

Thailand    Italy     Indonesia     Germany
Brazil     Ethiopia     Ukraine

1. 

2.

 

3. 

4.

5. 

6. 

7. 

Talk about these and make some guesses!

Activity 2/homework

Now - what is in these dishes? What kinds of different things do you see - for example, chicken, fish, beef, and so on? 

Then - which of these dishes do you think might be the healthiest? 

Have fun! See you next time!

Images: Top - personal photograph/1. "Pasta" (courtesy of savitkeawtavee)/2. By liz west from Boxborough, MA - borscht served, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=18741185/3. "Thai Chicken Curry" (courtesy of John Kasawa)/4. By ​English Wikipedia user Gunkarta, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4240598/5. "Sausages" (courtesy of savitkeawtavee)/6. By Chris.urs-o - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31512556/7. By Rama - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.0 fr, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63036

Photos 1, 3, & 5 from FreeDigitalPhotos.net/All rights reserved on personal photograph.

英語表現演習4 (金): Final outlining activity・最後のあらすじ活動

Hello!

How are you? I hope you're better than me!

First of all, my apologies for canceling the class on 11/9. While it was a little holiday for all of you, it pushes us back one (1) week on our schedule - that is my fault. But my back problem (ギックリ腰) was especially bad last week - I could not travel or move well at all. So last week, before I knew that I had to cancel the class, I posted what would have been a paper handout about more on outlining - you can see it above. 

Activity

Look at the screenshot above. It's a shot of a final outline activity you can do in class, copying it into your notebooks. This is our first activity today,one more activity you can do to help with your outlining skills, and it may help you with your final outlines for your writing assignment. 

Look at the guide above the outline. Make the screenshot larger as you need to so you can see the steps. Follow it by copying the order in your notebooks and labeling the categories correctly. Remember the order of Roman numerals (I., II., III., and so on), capital Roman letters (大文字 A, B など) and Arabic numerals (1., 2., 3., and so on). 

My apologies to all of you for my condition. I hope to get better very soon!

See you next week!

Image: Screenshot of paper document. All rights reserved.