Thursday, October 17, 2019

英語表現演習3・4 (金 1限・土 2限): Sentence & paragraph formatting & rules for names・文書、段落のフォーマット、名前のルール

Hello!



How are you? Here are some basic notes about formatting sentences and paragraphs (文書、段落をフォーマットして), plus some rules about writing names of people, places, companies and other organizations (such as universities or research institutes), books, and research articles in English.


First, for my English Expression 4 Friday 1st period students - if you need a review about the mid-term writing assignment, go to this link here. Here below are the board notes for the EE4 Friday 1st period class on 10/18


English Expression 4 Friday 1st period 10/18:






Special note: 
For both my Friday 1st period and English Expression 4 Saturday 2nd period students - here are some links for all of you that you can look at to help you with your writing if you need it. 

For writing about processes (手順) - go to this link

For writing about cause & effect (原因結果) - go to this link
For writing conclusions (終わり) - go to this link
These notes are things to do in your writing

1. Sentences & paragraph formatting
Remember that you are not writing disconnected sentences. You are writing paragraphs (段落). For example:

My life at university is good.
I have made many friends here. 
The classes are hard.
So far I enjoy this school. 
                                                   
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computers.
They founded it in 1976. 
Their first product was the Apple I computer. 

Please format and connect your sentences within paragraphs to make longer statements. For example: 

My life at university is good. I have made many friends here. The classes are hard. So far I enjoy this school. —> My life at university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. 

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computers. They founded it in 1976. Their first product was the Apple I computer. —> Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computers in 1976, and their first product was the Apple I computer. 

2. Names of people, places, companies & organizations
Names of people are written naturally, with only the first letters of their personal, and family, names in CAPITAL LETTERS. For example:

albert einstein   Albert Einstein


steve JOBS   Steve Jobs


Son masayoshi   Son Masayoshi


Names of places 
are not in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, or with "quotes" around the names. For example: 

I went to "Kurihama beach" in August. 
I went to Kurihama beach in August.

The Apple headquarters are located in CUPERTINO, California.  
The Apple headquarters are located in Cupertino, California. 

Full names of companies and organizations are natural, not in CAPITAL LETTERS or in "quotes," and if there is more than one part to their names, the most important parts of the names each have capitalized first letters. 

But famous companies, organizations, and institutions can be known by their initialsFor example

NINTENDO was originally known for making playing cards. 
Nintendo was originally known for making playing cards. 

Some people think of the "Tokyo Institute of technology" as the Massachusetts institute of Technology of Japan.  
Some think of the Tokyo Institute of Technology as the MIT of Japan.


california Institute of technology has done some important work in the field of astrophysics.  

Cal Tech has done some important work in the field of astrophysics.

3. Titles of books & articles
Titles of books are in italics, with the most important words in a multi-word title with capitalized first letters. Titles of research papers are in "quotes," but also with the most important words in a multi-word title with capitalized first letters. For example: 

Thomas Kuhn's "The Structure of scientific revolutions" was influential in thinking differently about scientific progress in many countries.   
Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions was influential in thinking differently about scientific progress in many countries.  

Einstein's paper The field equations of Gravitation was one of the works that led to his general theory of relativity.
Einstein's paper "The Field Equations of Gravitation" was one of the works that led to his general theory of relativity.

4. Dates
Finally, put capital letters for days of the week and months, with a comma (,) between a date and yearFor example:

wednesday Wednesday      
october 10th   October 10th 
September 15 1967  September 15, 1967   

I hope these notes can help you with your writing. See you next week!



Image: Top - "Hand Holding Pen (courtesy of iprostocks)/FreeDigitalPhotos.net/Board notes - personal photographs. All rights reserved.

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